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18) LOANS AND ADVANCES TO CUSTOMERS

18a. Loans and advances to customers

 31.12.201431.12.2013
Loans and advances 40.192.825 38.258.194
 - to companies 8.547.052 7.463.382
 - toprivate individuals 31.135.265 30.184.384
 - topublic sector 510.508 610.428
Receivables on account of payment cards 685.431 725.564
 - due from companies 32.824 37.581
 - due from private individuals 652.607 687.983
Purchased receivables 162.453 154.703
 - from companies 159.993 150.687
 - from public sector 2.460 4.016
Guarantees and sureties realised 12.011 36.373
Debt securities eligible for rediscount at Central Bank 9.851 12.874
Financial leasing receivables 4.107.136 3.571.325
Other 1.105 1.276
Interest 330.142 317.702
Total gross 45.500.954 43.078.011
Impairment write-offs -1.358.255 -1.312.331
Total net 44.142.699 41.765.680

18b. Quality of loans and advances to customers portfolio

 31.12.201431.12.2013
Loans and advances to customers (gross) 45.500.954 43.078.011
   - impaired 1.923.249 1.903.046
   - not impaired 43.577.705 41.174.965
Impairment write-offs -1.358.255 -1.312.331
   - for impaired exposures -1.196.531 -1.113.454
   - for incurred but not reported losses (IBNR) -161.724 -198.877
Loans and advances to customers (net) 44.142.699 41.765.680

18c. Loans and advances to customers portfolio by methodology of impairment assessment

 31.12.201431.12.2013
Loans and advances to customers (gross) 45.500.954 43.078.011
   - case by case analysis 911.835 886.068
   - collective analysis 44.589.119 42.191.943
Impairment write-offs -1.358.255 -1.312.331
   - on the basis of case by case analysis -556.879 -519.289
   - on the basis of collective analysis -801.376 -793.042
Loans and advances to customers (net) 44.142.699 41.765.680

18d. Loans and advances to customers portfolio by customers

 31.12.201431.12.2013
Loans and advances to customers (gross) 45.500.954 43.078.011
   - corporate customers 13.482.755 11.984.859
   - private individuals 32.018.199 31.093.152
Impairment write-offs -1.358.255 -1.312.331
   - for receivables from corporate customers -775.403 -730.886
   - for receivables from private individuals -582.852 -581.445
Loans and advances to customers (net) 44.142.699 41.765.680

18e. Loans and advances to customers by maturity

 31.12.201431.12.2013
Current accounts 3.371.727 2.843.684
to 1 month 301.198 474.277
above 1 month to 3 months 1.422.716 1.378.603
above 3 months to 1 year 4.207.915 3.751.344
above 1 year to 5 years 12.410.292 10.760.364
above 5 years 22.442.413 22.529.542
past due 1.014.551 1.022.495
Interest 330.142 317.702
Total gross 45.500.954 43.078.011

18f. Loans and advances to customers by currency

 31.12.201431.12.2013
in Polish currency 25.076.426 23.121.080
in foreign currencies (after conversion to PLN) 20.424.528 19.956.931
     - currency: USD 334.433 276.756
     - currency: EUR 2.233.722 1.539.379
     - currency: CHF 17.836.963 18.119.629
     - currency: JPY 14.984 21.069
     - other currencies 4426 98
Total gross 45.500.954 43.078.011

18g. Change of impairment write-offs for loans and advances to customers

 01.01.2014 - 31.12.201401.01.2013 - 31.12.2013
Balance at the beginning of the period 1.312.331 1.237.586
Change in value of provisions: 45.924 74.745
Impairment write-offs created in the period 616.838 668.922
Amounts written off -182.507 -136.213
Impairment write-offs released in the period -333.602 -437.189
Sale of receivables -63.902 -20.691
Changes resulting from FX rates differences 8.315 -302
Other 782 218
Balance at the end of the period 1.358.255 1.312.331

18h. Financial leasing receivables

 31.12.201431.12.2013
Financial leasing receivables (gross) 4.469.233 3.924.762
Unrealised financial income -362.097 -353.437
Financial leasing receivables (net) 4.107.136 3.571.325
     
Financial leasing receivables (gross) by maturity    
Under 1 year 1.546.031 1.485.847
From 1 year to 5 years 2.593.318 2.124.428
Above 5 years 329.884 314.487
Total 4.469.233 3.924.762
     
Financial leasing receivables (net) by maturity    
Under 1 year 1.406.281 1.347.077
From 1 year to 5 years 2.399.923 1.937.616
Above 5 years 300.932 286.632
Total 4.107.136 3.571.325

The main groups of items financed through leasing are the means of transport (tractors, trailers, trucks, vans, cars, etc.), machinery and equipment, computers as well as industrial and commercial real estate. The leasing portfolio of the Group includes contracts in which fees are set in PLN or are linked to EUR exchange rate (foreign exchange contracts denominated in EUR) as well as associated with market interest rates (floating-products), or independent from them (fixed rate products). Agreements with customers are concluded for term from 1 year to 10 years. Offered  lease agreements provide a diverse client's own contribution and the final value of the object, as well as a diverse amount of lease payments, e.g., depending on seasonality. After the end of the lease, a customer is obliged to buy the item at a final price specified at the time of the conclusion of the agreement. The object during the entire lease term is owned by the Group and constitutes a major collateral of lease payments.